index
:
linux-yocto
master
v4.14/base
v4.14/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.14/standard/base
v4.14/standard/beaglebone
v4.14/standard/edgerouter
v4.14/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v4.14/standard/intel
v4.14/standard/mti-malta32
v4.14/standard/mti-malta64
v4.14/standard/preempt-rt/base
v4.14/standard/preempt-rt/intel
v4.14/standard/qemuarm64
v4.14/standard/qemuppc
v4.14/standard/tiny/base
v4.14/standard/tiny/common-pc
v4.14/standard/tiny/intel
v4.15/base
v4.15/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.15/standard/base
v4.15/standard/beaglebone
v4.15/standard/edgerouter
v4.15/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v4.15/standard/intel
v4.15/standard/mti-malta32
v4.15/standard/mti-malta64
v4.15/standard/preempt-rt/base
v4.15/standard/preempt-rt/intel
v4.15/standard/qemuarm64
v4.15/standard/qemuppc
v4.15/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.15/standard/tiny/base
v4.15/standard/tiny/common-pc
v4.15/standard/tiny/intel
v4.18/base
v4.18/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.18/standard/base
v4.18/standard/beaglebone
v4.18/standard/edgerouter
v4.18/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v4.18/standard/intel
v4.18/standard/intel-socfpga
v4.18/standard/intel-x86
v4.18/standard/mti-malta32
v4.18/standard/mti-malta64
v4.18/standard/preempt-rt/base
v4.18/standard/preempt-rt/intel
v4.18/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v4.18/standard/qemuarm64
v4.18/standard/qemuppc
v4.18/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.18/standard/tiny/base
v4.18/standard/tiny/common-pc
v4.18/standard/tiny/intel
v4.19/base
v4.19/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.19/standard/axxia
v4.19/standard/base
v4.19/standard/beaglebone
v4.19/standard/edgerouter
v4.19/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v4.19/standard/intel
v4.19/standard/intel-x86
v4.19/standard/mti-malta32
v4.19/standard/mti-malta64
v4.19/standard/preempt-rt/axxia
v4.19/standard/preempt-rt/base
v4.19/standard/preempt-rt/intel
v4.19/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v4.19/standard/qemuarm64
v4.19/standard/qemuppc
v4.19/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.19/standard/tiny/base
v4.19/standard/tiny/common-pc
v4.19/standard/tiny/intel
v4.19/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v4.19/standard/xlnx-soc
v4.8/base
v4.8/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v4.8/standard/base
v4.8/standard/beaglebone
v4.8/standard/edgerouter
v4.8/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v4.8/standard/intel
v4.8/standard/mti-malta32
v4.8/standard/mti-malta64
v4.8/standard/preempt-rt/base
v4.8/standard/preempt-rt/intel
v4.8/standard/qemuarm64
v4.8/standard/qemuppc
v4.8/standard/tiny/base
v4.8/standard/tiny/common-pc
v4.8/standard/tiny/intel
v5.0/base
v5.0/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.0/standard/base
v5.0/standard/beaglebone
v5.0/standard/edgerouter
v5.0/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.0/standard/intel-x86
v5.0/standard/mti-malta32
v5.0/standard/mti-malta64
v5.0/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.0/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v5.0/standard/qemuarm64
v5.0/standard/qemuppc
v5.0/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.0/standard/tiny/base
v5.0/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.0/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v5.0/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.10/base
v5.10/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.10/standard/base
v5.10/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.10/standard/beaglebone
v5.10/standard/cn-sdkv4.18/cn96xx
v5.10/standard/cn-sdkv5.4/octeon
v5.10/standard/edgerouter
v5.10/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.10/standard/intel-sdk-5.10/intel-socfpga
v5.10/standard/mti-malta32
v5.10/standard/mti-malta64
v5.10/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.10/standard/nxp-sdk-5.10/nxp-s32g2xx
v5.10/standard/nxp-sdk-5.10/nxp-soc
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/cn-sdkv4.18/cn96xx
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/cn-sdkv5.4/octeon
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/intel-sdk-5.10/intel-socfpga
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-5.10/nxp-s32g2xx
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-5.10/nxp-soc
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv5.10/axxia
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv5.10/xlnx-soc
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/ti-sdk-5.10/ti-j72xx
v5.10/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v5.10/standard/qemuarm64
v5.10/standard/qemuppc
v5.10/standard/sdkv5.10/axxia
v5.10/standard/sdkv5.10/xlnx-soc
v5.10/standard/sdkv5.4/xlnx-soc
v5.10/standard/ti-am335x
v5.10/standard/ti-sdk-5.10/ti-j72xx
v5.10/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.10/standard/tiny/base
v5.10/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.10/standard/tiny/x86
v5.10/standard/x86
v5.10/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.13/base
v5.13/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.13/standard/base
v5.13/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.13/standard/beaglebone
v5.13/standard/edgerouter
v5.13/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.13/standard/mti-malta32
v5.13/standard/mti-malta64
v5.13/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.13/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.13/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.13/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v5.13/standard/qemuarm64
v5.13/standard/qemuppc
v5.13/standard/ti-am335x
v5.13/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.13/standard/tiny/base
v5.13/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.13/standard/tiny/x86
v5.13/standard/x86
v5.13/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.14/base
v5.14/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.14/standard/base
v5.14/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.14/standard/beaglebone
v5.14/standard/edgerouter
v5.14/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.14/standard/mti-malta32
v5.14/standard/mti-malta64
v5.14/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.14/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.14/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.14/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v5.14/standard/qemuarm64
v5.14/standard/qemuppc
v5.14/standard/ti-am335x
v5.14/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.14/standard/tiny/base
v5.14/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.14/standard/tiny/x86
v5.14/standard/x86
v5.14/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.15/base
v5.15/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.15/standard/base
v5.15/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.15/standard/beaglebone
v5.15/standard/cn-sdkv5.15/octeon
v5.15/standard/cn-sdkv5.4/octeon
v5.15/standard/edgerouter
v5.15/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.15/standard/intel-sdk-5.15/intel-socfpga
v5.15/standard/mti-malta32
v5.15/standard/mti-malta64
v5.15/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.15/standard/nxp-sdk-5.10/nxp-s32g
v5.15/standard/nxp-sdk-5.15/nxp-s32g
v5.15/standard/nxp-sdk-5.15/nxp-soc
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/cn-sdkv5.15/octeon
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/cn-sdkv5.4/octeon
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/intel-sdk-5.15/intel-socfpga
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-5.10/nxp-s32g
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-5.15/nxp-s32g
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-5.15/nxp-soc
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv5.10/axxia
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv5.15/xlnx-soc
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/ti-sdk-5.10/ti-j72xx
v5.15/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v5.15/standard/qemuarm64
v5.15/standard/qemuppc
v5.15/standard/sdkv5.10/axxia
v5.15/standard/sdkv5.15/xlnx-soc
v5.15/standard/ti-am335x
v5.15/standard/ti-sdk-5.10/ti-j72xx
v5.15/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.15/standard/tiny/base
v5.15/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.15/standard/tiny/x86
v5.15/standard/x86
v5.15/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.19/base
v5.19/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.19/standard/base
v5.19/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.19/standard/beaglebone
v5.19/standard/edgerouter
v5.19/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.19/standard/mti-malta32
v5.19/standard/mti-malta64
v5.19/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.19/standard/preempt-rt/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.19/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.19/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.19/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v5.19/standard/qemuarm64
v5.19/standard/qemuppc
v5.19/standard/ti-am335x
v5.19/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.19/standard/tiny/base
v5.19/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.19/standard/tiny/x86
v5.19/standard/x86
v5.19/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.2-upstream
v5.2/base
v5.2/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.2/standard/base
v5.2/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.2/standard/beaglebone
v5.2/standard/cn96xx
v5.2/standard/edgerouter
v5.2/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.2/standard/intel-x86
v5.2/standard/mti-malta32
v5.2/standard/mti-malta64
v5.2/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.2/standard/preempt-rt/cn96xx
v5.2/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v5.2/standard/qemuarm64
v5.2/standard/qemuppc
v5.2/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.2/standard/tiny/base
v5.2/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.2/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v5.2/standard/xlnx-soc
v5.3/base
v5.3/standard/base
v5.4/base
v5.4/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.4/standard/base
v5.4/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.4/standard/beaglebone
v5.4/standard/cn96xx
v5.4/standard/edgerouter
v5.4/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.4/standard/intel-x86
v5.4/standard/mti-malta32
v5.4/standard/mti-malta64
v5.4/standard/nxp-imx8
v5.4/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.4/standard/nxp-s32g2xx
v5.4/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.4/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.4/standard/preempt-rt/cn96xx
v5.4/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v5.4/standard/qemuarm64
v5.4/standard/qemuppc
v5.4/standard/ti-am335x
v5.4/standard/ti-j72x
v5.4/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.4/standard/tiny/base
v5.4/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.4/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v5.4/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.4/standard/xlnx-soc
v5.6/base
v5.6/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.6/standard/base
v5.6/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.6/standard/beaglebone
v5.6/standard/cn96xx
v5.6/standard/edgerouter
v5.6/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.6/standard/intel-x86
v5.6/standard/mti-malta32
v5.6/standard/mti-malta64
v5.6/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.6/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.6/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.6/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v5.6/standard/qemuarm64
v5.6/standard/qemuppc
v5.6/standard/ti-am335x
v5.6/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.6/standard/tiny/base
v5.6/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.6/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v5.6/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.6/standard/xlnx-soc
v5.7/base
v5.7/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.7/standard/base
v5.7/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.7/standard/beaglebone
v5.7/standard/cn96xx
v5.7/standard/edgerouter
v5.7/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.7/standard/intel-x86
v5.7/standard/mti-malta32
v5.7/standard/mti-malta64
v5.7/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.7/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.7/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.7/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v5.7/standard/qemuarm64
v5.7/standard/qemuppc
v5.7/standard/ti-am335x
v5.7/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.7/standard/tiny/base
v5.7/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.7/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v5.7/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v5.7/standard/xlnx-soc
v5.8/base
v5.8/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.8/standard/base
v5.8/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.8/standard/beaglebone
v5.8/standard/edgerouter
v5.8/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v5.8/standard/intel-x86
v5.8/standard/mti-malta32
v5.8/standard/mti-malta64
v5.8/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v5.8/standard/preempt-rt/base
v5.8/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v5.8/standard/preempt-rt/intel-x86
v5.8/standard/qemuarm64
v5.8/standard/qemuppc
v5.8/standard/ti-am335x
v5.8/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v5.8/standard/tiny/base
v5.8/standard/tiny/common-pc
v5.8/standard/tiny/intel-x86
v5.8/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v6.1/base
v6.1/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.1/standard/base
v6.1/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.1/standard/beaglebone
v6.1/standard/cn-sdkv5.15/octeon
v6.1/standard/cn-sdkv6.1/octeon
v6.1/standard/edgerouter
v6.1/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v6.1/standard/intel-sdk-6.1/intel-socfpga
v6.1/standard/microchip-polarfire-soc
v6.1/standard/mti-malta32
v6.1/standard/mti-malta64
v6.1/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v6.1/standard/nxp-sdk-5.15/nxp-s32g
v6.1/standard/nxp-sdk-6.1/nxp-soc
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/base
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/cn-sdkv5.15/octeon
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/cn-sdkv6.1/octeon
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/intel-sdk-6.1/intel-socfpga
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/microchip-polarfire-soc
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-5.15/nxp-s32g
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-6.1/nxp-soc
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv5.10/axxia
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv6.1/xlnx-soc
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/ti-sdk-5.10/ti-j7xxx
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/ti-sdk-6.1/ti-j7xxx
v6.1/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v6.1/standard/qemuarm64
v6.1/standard/qemuppc
v6.1/standard/sdkv5.10/axxia
v6.1/standard/sdkv6.1/xlnx-soc
v6.1/standard/ti-am335x
v6.1/standard/ti-sdk-5.10/ti-j7xxx
v6.1/standard/ti-sdk-6.1/ti-j7xxx
v6.1/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.1/standard/tiny/base
v6.1/standard/tiny/common-pc
v6.1/standard/tiny/x86
v6.1/standard/x86
v6.1/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v6.4/base
v6.4/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.4/standard/base
v6.4/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.4/standard/beaglebone
v6.4/standard/edgerouter
v6.4/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v6.4/standard/mti-malta32
v6.4/standard/mti-malta64
v6.4/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v6.4/standard/preempt-rt/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.4/standard/preempt-rt/base
v6.4/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.4/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v6.4/standard/qemuarm64
v6.4/standard/qemuppc
v6.4/standard/ti-am335x
v6.4/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.4/standard/tiny/base
v6.4/standard/tiny/common-pc
v6.4/standard/tiny/x86
v6.4/standard/x86
v6.4/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v6.5/base
v6.5/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.5/standard/base
v6.5/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.5/standard/beaglebone
v6.5/standard/edgerouter
v6.5/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v6.5/standard/mti-malta32
v6.5/standard/mti-malta64
v6.5/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v6.5/standard/preempt-rt/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.5/standard/preempt-rt/base
v6.5/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.5/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v6.5/standard/qemuarm64
v6.5/standard/qemuppc
v6.5/standard/ti-am335x
v6.5/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.5/standard/tiny/base
v6.5/standard/tiny/common-pc
v6.5/standard/tiny/x86
v6.5/standard/x86
v6.5/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
v6.6/base
v6.6/standard/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.6/standard/base
v6.6/standard/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.6/standard/beaglebone
v6.6/standard/edgerouter
v6.6/standard/fsl-mpc8315e-rdb
v6.6/standard/mti-malta32
v6.6/standard/mti-malta64
v6.6/standard/nxp-ls20xx
v6.6/standard/nxp-sdk-6.6/nxp-soc
v6.6/standard/preempt-rt/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.6/standard/preempt-rt/base
v6.6/standard/preempt-rt/bcm-2xxx-rpi
v6.6/standard/preempt-rt/nxp-sdk-6.6/nxp-soc
v6.6/standard/preempt-rt/sdkv6.6/xlnx-soc
v6.6/standard/preempt-rt/x86
v6.6/standard/qemuarm64
v6.6/standard/qemuppc
v6.6/standard/sdkv6.6/xlnx-soc
v6.6/standard/ti-am335x
v6.6/standard/tiny/arm-versatile-926ejs
v6.6/standard/tiny/base
v6.6/standard/tiny/common-pc
v6.6/standard/tiny/x86
v6.6/standard/x86
v6.6/standard/xilinx-zynqmp
Yocto Linux Embedded kernel
Grokmirror user
summary
refs
log
tree
commit
diff
stats
log msg
author
committer
range
path:
root
/
security
/
apparmor
/
lib.c
Age
Commit message (
Expand
)
Author
2018-11-27
apparmor: Fix uninitialized value in aa_split_fqname
Zubin Mithra
2018-07-19
apparmor: Check buffer bounds when mapping permissions mask
Tyler Hicks
2018-05-03
apparmor: fix typo "type"
Zygmunt Krynicki
2018-03-13
apparmor: add base infastructure for socket mediation
John Johansen
2017-11-21
apparmor: remove unused redundant variable stop
Colin Ian King
2017-11-21
apparmor: initialized returned struct aa_perms
Arnd Bergmann
2017-10-26
Revert "apparmor: add base infastructure for socket mediation"
Linus Torvalds
2017-09-22
apparmor: add base infastructure for socket mediation
John Johansen
2017-06-10
apparmor: switch from profiles to using labels on contexts
John Johansen
2017-06-10
apparmor: share profile name on replacement
John Johansen
2017-06-10
apparmor: switch from file_perms to aa_perms
John Johansen
2017-06-10
apparmor: add gerneric permissions struct and support fns
John Johansen
2017-06-09
apparmor: rework perm mapping to a slightly broader set
John Johansen
2017-06-08
apparmor: move permissions into their own file to be more easily shared
John Johansen
2017-06-08
apparmor: make internal lib fn skipn_spaces available to the rest of apparmor
John Johansen
2017-05-08
mm: introduce kv[mz]alloc helpers
Michal Hocko
2017-04-07
apparmor: fix boolreturn.cocci warnings
kbuild test robot
2017-01-16
apparmor: change aad apparmor_audit_data macro to a fn macro
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: update policy_destroy to use new debug asserts
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: pass gfp param into aa_policy_init()
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: constify policy name and hname
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: rename hname_tail to basename
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: add lib fn to find the "split" for fqnames
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: split out shared policy_XXX fns to lib
John Johansen
2017-01-16
apparmor: move lib definitions into separate lib include
John Johansen
2017-01-15
AppArmor: Use GFP_KERNEL for __aa_kvmalloc().
Tetsuo Handa
2014-05-06
nick kvfree() from apparmor
Al Viro
2013-08-14
apparmor: remove minimum size check for vmalloc()
Tetsuo Handa
2013-05-12
apparmor: no need to delay vfree()
Al Viro
2013-04-28
apparmor: fix fully qualified name parsing
John Johansen
2013-04-28
apparmor: add kvzalloc to handle zeroing for kvmalloc
John Johansen
2012-04-09
LSM: do not initialize common_audit_data to 0
Eric Paris
2012-04-09
LSM: remove the COMMON_AUDIT_DATA_INIT type expansion
Eric Paris
2012-04-03
LSM: shrink sizeof LSM specific portion of common_audit_data
Eric Paris
2011-09-09
apparmor: sparse fix: add apparmor.h to lib.c
James Morris
2011-06-21
net: remove mm.h inclusion from netdevice.h
Alexey Dobriyan
2010-09-08
AppArmor: Fix splitting an fqname into separate namespace and profile names
John Johansen
2010-08-02
AppArmor: misc. base functions and defines
John Johansen