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commit 16517829f2e02f096fb5ea9083d160381127faf3 upstream.
MIPS/IA64 define END as assembly function ending, which conflict
with END definition in mkiss.c, just undef it at first
Reported-by: lkp@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Huang Pei <huangpei@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit b2f37aead1b82a770c48b5d583f35ec22aabb61e upstream.
The previous commit 3e0588c291d6 ("hamradio: defer ax25 kfree after
unregister_netdev") reorder the kfree operations and unregister_netdev
operation to prevent UAF.
This commit improves the previous one by also deferring the nullify of
the ax->tty pointer. Otherwise, a NULL pointer dereference bug occurs.
Partial of the stack trace is shown below.
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000538
RIP: 0010:ax_xmit+0x1f9/0x400
...
Call Trace:
dev_hard_start_xmit+0xec/0x320
sch_direct_xmit+0xea/0x240
__qdisc_run+0x166/0x5c0
__dev_queue_xmit+0x2c7/0xaf0
ax25_std_establish_data_link+0x59/0x60
ax25_connect+0x3a0/0x500
? security_socket_connect+0x2b/0x40
__sys_connect+0x96/0xc0
? __hrtimer_init+0xc0/0xc0
? common_nsleep+0x2e/0x50
? switch_fpu_return+0x139/0x1a0
__x64_sys_connect+0x11/0x20
do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
The crash point is shown as below
static void ax_encaps(...) {
...
set_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &ax->tty->flags); // ax->tty = NULL!
...
}
By placing the nullify action after the unregister_netdev, the ax->tty
pointer won't be assigned as NULL net_device framework layer is well
synchronized.
Signed-off-by: Lin Ma <linma@zju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 3e0588c291d6ce225f2b891753ca41d45ba42469 upstream.
There is a possible race condition (use-after-free) like below
(USE) | (FREE)
ax25_sendmsg |
ax25_queue_xmit |
dev_queue_xmit |
__dev_queue_xmit |
__dev_xmit_skb |
sch_direct_xmit | ...
xmit_one |
netdev_start_xmit | tty_ldisc_kill
__netdev_start_xmit | mkiss_close
ax_xmit | kfree
ax_encaps |
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Even though there are two synchronization primitives before the kfree:
1. wait_for_completion(&ax->dead). This can prevent the race with
routines from mkiss_ioctl. However, it cannot stop the routine coming
from upper layer, i.e., the ax25_sendmsg.
2. netif_stop_queue(ax->dev). It seems that this line of code aims to
halt the transmit queue but it fails to stop the routine that already
being xmit.
This patch reorder the kfree after the unregister_netdev to avoid the
possible UAF as the unregister_netdev() is well synchronized and won't
return if there is a running routine.
Signed-off-by: Lin Ma <linma@zju.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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[ Upstream commit 7edcc682301492380fbdd604b4516af5ae667a13 ]
My local syzbot instance hit memory leak in
mkiss_open()[1]. The problem was in missing
free_netdev() in mkiss_close().
In mkiss_open() netdevice is allocated and then
registered, but in mkiss_close() netdevice was
only unregistered, but not freed.
Fail log:
BUG: memory leak
unreferenced object 0xffff8880281ba000 (size 4096):
comm "syz-executor.1", pid 11443, jiffies 4295046091 (age 17.660s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
61 78 30 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ax0.............
00 27 fa 2a 80 88 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .'.*............
backtrace:
[<ffffffff81a27201>] kvmalloc_node+0x61/0xf0
[<ffffffff8706e7e8>] alloc_netdev_mqs+0x98/0xe80
[<ffffffff84e64192>] mkiss_open+0xb2/0x6f0 [1]
[<ffffffff842355db>] tty_ldisc_open+0x9b/0x110
[<ffffffff84236488>] tty_set_ldisc+0x2e8/0x670
[<ffffffff8421f7f3>] tty_ioctl+0xda3/0x1440
[<ffffffff81c9f273>] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x193/0x200
[<ffffffff8911263a>] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0xb0
[<ffffffff89200068>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
BUG: memory leak
unreferenced object 0xffff8880141a9a00 (size 96):
comm "syz-executor.1", pid 11443, jiffies 4295046091 (age 17.660s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
e8 a2 1b 28 80 88 ff ff e8 a2 1b 28 80 88 ff ff ...(.......(....
98 92 9c aa b0 40 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .....@..........
backtrace:
[<ffffffff8709f68b>] __hw_addr_create_ex+0x5b/0x310
[<ffffffff8709fb38>] __hw_addr_add_ex+0x1f8/0x2b0
[<ffffffff870a0c7b>] dev_addr_init+0x10b/0x1f0
[<ffffffff8706e88b>] alloc_netdev_mqs+0x13b/0xe80
[<ffffffff84e64192>] mkiss_open+0xb2/0x6f0 [1]
[<ffffffff842355db>] tty_ldisc_open+0x9b/0x110
[<ffffffff84236488>] tty_set_ldisc+0x2e8/0x670
[<ffffffff8421f7f3>] tty_ioctl+0xda3/0x1440
[<ffffffff81c9f273>] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x193/0x200
[<ffffffff8911263a>] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0xb0
[<ffffffff89200068>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
BUG: memory leak
unreferenced object 0xffff8880219bfc00 (size 512):
comm "syz-executor.1", pid 11443, jiffies 4295046091 (age 17.660s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
00 a0 1b 28 80 88 ff ff 80 8f b1 8d ff ff ff ff ...(............
80 8f b1 8d ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
backtrace:
[<ffffffff81a27201>] kvmalloc_node+0x61/0xf0
[<ffffffff8706eec7>] alloc_netdev_mqs+0x777/0xe80
[<ffffffff84e64192>] mkiss_open+0xb2/0x6f0 [1]
[<ffffffff842355db>] tty_ldisc_open+0x9b/0x110
[<ffffffff84236488>] tty_set_ldisc+0x2e8/0x670
[<ffffffff8421f7f3>] tty_ioctl+0xda3/0x1440
[<ffffffff81c9f273>] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x193/0x200
[<ffffffff8911263a>] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0xb0
[<ffffffff89200068>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
BUG: memory leak
unreferenced object 0xffff888029b2b200 (size 256):
comm "syz-executor.1", pid 11443, jiffies 4295046091 (age 17.660s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
backtrace:
[<ffffffff81a27201>] kvmalloc_node+0x61/0xf0
[<ffffffff8706f062>] alloc_netdev_mqs+0x912/0xe80
[<ffffffff84e64192>] mkiss_open+0xb2/0x6f0 [1]
[<ffffffff842355db>] tty_ldisc_open+0x9b/0x110
[<ffffffff84236488>] tty_set_ldisc+0x2e8/0x670
[<ffffffff8421f7f3>] tty_ioctl+0xda3/0x1440
[<ffffffff81c9f273>] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x193/0x200
[<ffffffff8911263a>] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0xb0
[<ffffffff89200068>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
Fixes: 815f62bf7427 ("[PATCH] SMP rewrite of mkiss")
Signed-off-by: Pavel Skripkin <paskripkin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
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commit 5c9934b6767b16ba60be22ec3cbd4379ad64170d upstream.
We got another syzbot report [1] that tells us we must use
write_lock_irq()/write_unlock_irq() to avoid possible deadlock.
[1]
WARNING: inconsistent lock state
5.5.0-rc1-syzkaller #0 Not tainted
--------------------------------
inconsistent {HARDIRQ-ON-W} -> {IN-HARDIRQ-R} usage.
syz-executor826/9605 [HC1[1]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] takes:
ffffffff8a128718 (disc_data_lock){+-..}, at: sp_get.isra.0+0x1d/0xf0 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_synctty.c:138
{HARDIRQ-ON-W} state was registered at:
lock_acquire+0x190/0x410 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:4485
__raw_write_lock_bh include/linux/rwlock_api_smp.h:203 [inline]
_raw_write_lock_bh+0x33/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:319
sixpack_close+0x1d/0x250 drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.c:657
tty_ldisc_close.isra.0+0x119/0x1a0 drivers/tty/tty_ldisc.c:489
tty_set_ldisc+0x230/0x6b0 drivers/tty/tty_ldisc.c:585
tiocsetd drivers/tty/tty_io.c:2337 [inline]
tty_ioctl+0xe8d/0x14f0 drivers/tty/tty_io.c:2597
vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:47 [inline]
file_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:545 [inline]
do_vfs_ioctl+0x977/0x14e0 fs/ioctl.c:732
ksys_ioctl+0xab/0xd0 fs/ioctl.c:749
__do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:756 [inline]
__se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:754 [inline]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x73/0xb0 fs/ioctl.c:754
do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x790 arch/x86/entry/common.c:294
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
irq event stamp: 3946
hardirqs last enabled at (3945): [<ffffffff87c86e43>] __raw_spin_unlock_irq include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:168 [inline]
hardirqs last enabled at (3945): [<ffffffff87c86e43>] _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x23/0x80 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:199
hardirqs last disabled at (3946): [<ffffffff8100675f>] trace_hardirqs_off_thunk+0x1a/0x1c arch/x86/entry/thunk_64.S:42
softirqs last enabled at (2658): [<ffffffff86a8b4df>] spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:383 [inline]
softirqs last enabled at (2658): [<ffffffff86a8b4df>] clusterip_netdev_event+0x46f/0x670 net/ipv4/netfilter/ipt_CLUSTERIP.c:222
softirqs last disabled at (2656): [<ffffffff86a8b22b>] spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:343 [inline]
softirqs last disabled at (2656): [<ffffffff86a8b22b>] clusterip_netdev_event+0x1bb/0x670 net/ipv4/netfilter/ipt_CLUSTERIP.c:196
other info that might help us debug this:
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0
----
lock(disc_data_lock);
<Interrupt>
lock(disc_data_lock);
*** DEADLOCK ***
5 locks held by syz-executor826/9605:
#0: ffff8880a905e198 (&tty->legacy_mutex){+.+.}, at: tty_lock+0xc7/0x130 drivers/tty/tty_mutex.c:19
#1: ffffffff899a56c0 (rcu_read_lock){....}, at: mutex_spin_on_owner+0x0/0x330 kernel/locking/mutex.c:413
#2: ffff8880a496a2b0 (&(&i->lock)->rlock){-.-.}, at: spin_lock include/linux/spinlock.h:338 [inline]
#2: ffff8880a496a2b0 (&(&i->lock)->rlock){-.-.}, at: serial8250_interrupt+0x2d/0x1a0 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:116
#3: ffffffff8c104048 (&port_lock_key){-.-.}, at: serial8250_handle_irq.part.0+0x24/0x330 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1823
#4: ffff8880a905e090 (&tty->ldisc_sem){++++}, at: tty_ldisc_ref+0x22/0x90 drivers/tty/tty_ldisc.c:288
stack backtrace:
CPU: 1 PID: 9605 Comm: syz-executor826 Not tainted 5.5.0-rc1-syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
dump_stack+0x197/0x210 lib/dump_stack.c:118
print_usage_bug.cold+0x327/0x378 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3101
valid_state kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3112 [inline]
mark_lock_irq kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3309 [inline]
mark_lock+0xbb4/0x1220 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3666
mark_usage kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3554 [inline]
__lock_acquire+0x1e55/0x4a00 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3909
lock_acquire+0x190/0x410 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:4485
__raw_read_lock include/linux/rwlock_api_smp.h:149 [inline]
_raw_read_lock+0x32/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:223
sp_get.isra.0+0x1d/0xf0 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_synctty.c:138
sixpack_write_wakeup+0x25/0x340 drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.c:402
tty_wakeup+0xe9/0x120 drivers/tty/tty_io.c:536
tty_port_default_wakeup+0x2b/0x40 drivers/tty/tty_port.c:50
tty_port_tty_wakeup+0x57/0x70 drivers/tty/tty_port.c:387
uart_write_wakeup+0x46/0x70 drivers/tty/serial/serial_core.c:104
serial8250_tx_chars+0x495/0xaf0 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1761
serial8250_handle_irq.part.0+0x2a2/0x330 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1834
serial8250_handle_irq drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1820 [inline]
serial8250_default_handle_irq+0xc0/0x150 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1850
serial8250_interrupt+0xf1/0x1a0 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:126
__handle_irq_event_percpu+0x15d/0x970 kernel/irq/handle.c:149
handle_irq_event_percpu+0x74/0x160 kernel/irq/handle.c:189
handle_irq_event+0xa7/0x134 kernel/irq/handle.c:206
handle_edge_irq+0x25e/0x8d0 kernel/irq/chip.c:830
generic_handle_irq_desc include/linux/irqdesc.h:156 [inline]
do_IRQ+0xde/0x280 arch/x86/kernel/irq.c:250
common_interrupt+0xf/0xf arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:607
</IRQ>
RIP: 0010:cpu_relax arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h:685 [inline]
RIP: 0010:mutex_spin_on_owner+0x247/0x330 kernel/locking/mutex.c:579
Code: c3 be 08 00 00 00 4c 89 e7 e8 e5 06 59 00 4c 89 e0 48 c1 e8 03 42 80 3c 38 00 0f 85 e1 00 00 00 49 8b 04 24 a8 01 75 96 f3 90 <e9> 2f fe ff ff 0f 0b e8 0d 19 09 00 84 c0 0f 85 ff fd ff ff 48 c7
RSP: 0018:ffffc90001eafa20 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffd7
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88809fd9e0c0 RCX: 1ffffffff13266dd
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: 0000000000000000
RBP: ffffc90001eafa60 R08: 1ffff11013d22898 R09: ffffed1013d22899
R10: ffffed1013d22898 R11: ffff88809e9144c7 R12: ffff8880a905e138
R13: ffff88809e9144c0 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: dffffc0000000000
mutex_optimistic_spin kernel/locking/mutex.c:673 [inline]
__mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:962 [inline]
__mutex_lock+0x32b/0x13c0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:1106
mutex_lock_nested+0x16/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:1121
tty_lock+0xc7/0x130 drivers/tty/tty_mutex.c:19
tty_release+0xb5/0xe90 drivers/tty/tty_io.c:1665
__fput+0x2ff/0x890 fs/file_table.c:280
____fput+0x16/0x20 fs/file_table.c:313
task_work_run+0x145/0x1c0 kernel/task_work.c:113
exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:22 [inline]
do_exit+0x8e7/0x2ef0 kernel/exit.c:797
do_group_exit+0x135/0x360 kernel/exit.c:895
__do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:906 [inline]
__se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:904 [inline]
__x64_sys_exit_group+0x44/0x50 kernel/exit.c:904
do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x790 arch/x86/entry/common.c:294
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
RIP: 0033:0x43fef8
Code: Bad RIP value.
RSP: 002b:00007ffdb07d2338 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 000000000043fef8
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000003c RDI: 0000000000000000
RBP: 00000000004bf730 R08: 00000000000000e7 R09: ffffffffffffffd0
R10: 00000000004002c8 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000001
R13: 00000000006d1180 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
Fixes: 6e4e2f811bad ("6pack,mkiss: fix lock inconsistency")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: syzbot <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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refcount_t is better for reference counters since its
implementation can prevent overflows.
So convert atomic_t ref counters to refcount_t.
Signed-off-by: Chuhong Yuan <hslester96@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Based on 1 normalized pattern(s):
this program is free software you can distribute it and or modify it
under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
published by the free software foundation this program is
distributed in the hope it will be useful but without any warranty
without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for
a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more
details you should have received a copy of the gnu general public
license along with this program if not see http www gnu org licenses
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-only
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 3 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190531081038.839345787@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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ppp and hamradio have copies of the same code that uses a semaphore
in place of a completion for historic reasons. Make it use the
proper interface instead in all copies.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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First of all, make it return int. Returning long when native method
had never allowed that is ridiculous and inconvenient.
More importantly, change the caller; if ldisc ->compat_ioctl() is NULL
or returns -ENOIOCTLCMD, tty_compat_ioctl() will try to feed cmd and
compat_ptr(arg) to ldisc's native ->ioctl().
That simplifies ->compat_ioctl() instances quite a bit - they only
need to deal with ioctls that are neither generic tty ones (those
would get shunted off to tty_ioctl()) nor simple compat pointer ones.
Note that something like TCFLSH won't reach ->compat_ioctl(),
even if ldisc ->ioctl() does handle it - it will be recognized
earlier and passed to tty_ioctl() (and ultimately - ldisc ->ioctl()).
For many ldiscs it means that NULL ->compat_ioctl() does the
right thing. Those where it won't serve (see e.g. n_r3964.c) are
also easily dealt with - we need to handle the numeric-argument
ioctls (calling the native instance) and, if such would exist,
the ioctls that need layout conversion, etc.
All in-tree ldiscs dealt with.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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The check for len > 0 is always true and hence is redundant as
this check is already being made to execute the code inside the
while-loop. Hence it is redundant and can be removed.
Cleans up cppcheck warning:
drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:220: (warning) Identical inner 'if'
condition is always true.
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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Variable len is being assigned a value that is never read,
hence the assignment is redundant and can be removed. Cleans
up clang warning:
drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:443:3: warning: Value stored to
'len' is never read
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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The check on len is redundant as it is always greater than 1,
so just remove it and make the printk less complex.
Detected by CoverityScan, CID#1226729 ("Logically dead code")
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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A common pattern with skb_put() is to just want to memcpy()
some data into the new space, introduce skb_put_data() for
this.
An spatch similar to the one for skb_put_zero() converts many
of the places using it:
@@
identifier p, p2;
expression len, skb, data;
type t, t2;
@@
(
-p = skb_put(skb, len);
+p = skb_put_data(skb, data, len);
|
-p = (t)skb_put(skb, len);
+p = skb_put_data(skb, data, len);
)
(
p2 = (t2)p;
-memcpy(p2, data, len);
|
-memcpy(p, data, len);
)
@@
type t, t2;
identifier p, p2;
expression skb, data;
@@
t *p;
...
(
-p = skb_put(skb, sizeof(t));
+p = skb_put_data(skb, data, sizeof(t));
|
-p = (t *)skb_put(skb, sizeof(t));
+p = skb_put_data(skb, data, sizeof(t));
)
(
p2 = (t2)p;
-memcpy(p2, data, sizeof(*p));
|
-memcpy(p, data, sizeof(*p));
)
@@
expression skb, len, data;
@@
-memcpy(skb_put(skb, len), data, len);
+skb_put_data(skb, data, len);
(again, manually post-processed to retain some comments)
Reviewed-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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If a USB-to-serial adapter is unplugged, the driver re-initializes, with
dev->hard_header_len and dev->addr_len set to zero, instead of the correct
values. If then a packet is sent through the half-dead interface, the
kernel will panic due to running out of headroom in the skb when pushing
for the AX.25 headers resulting in this panic:
[<c0595468>] (skb_panic) from [<c0401f70>] (skb_push+0x4c/0x50)
[<c0401f70>] (skb_push) from [<bf0bdad4>] (ax25_hard_header+0x34/0xf4 [ax25])
[<bf0bdad4>] (ax25_hard_header [ax25]) from [<bf0d05d4>] (ax_header+0x38/0x40 [mkiss])
[<bf0d05d4>] (ax_header [mkiss]) from [<c041b584>] (neigh_compat_output+0x8c/0xd8)
[<c041b584>] (neigh_compat_output) from [<c043e7a8>] (ip_finish_output+0x2a0/0x914)
[<c043e7a8>] (ip_finish_output) from [<c043f948>] (ip_output+0xd8/0xf0)
[<c043f948>] (ip_output) from [<c043f04c>] (ip_local_out_sk+0x44/0x48)
This patch makes mkiss behave like the 6pack driver. 6pack does not
panic. In 6pack.c sp_setup() (same function name here) the values for
dev->hard_header_len and dev->addr_len are set to the same values as in
my mkiss patch.
[ralf@linux-mips.org: Massages original submission to conform to the usual
standards for patch submissions.]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Osterried <thomas@osterried.de>
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
This was entirely automated, using the script by Al:
PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>'
sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \
$(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h)
to do the replacement at the end of the merge window.
Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Replace all trans_start updates with netif_trans_update helper.
change was done via spatch:
struct net_device *d;
@@
- d->trans_start = jiffies
+ netif_trans_update(d)
Compile tested only.
Cc: user-mode-linux-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: linux-xtensa@linux-xtensa.org
Cc: linux1394-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: linux-rdma@vger.kernel.org
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: MPT-FusionLinux.pdl@broadcom.com
Cc: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-can@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-omap@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-hams@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-wireless@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: devel@driverdev.osuosl.org
Cc: b.a.t.m.a.n@lists.open-mesh.org
Cc: linux-bluetooth@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: Felipe Balbi <felipe.balbi@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Mugunthan V N <mugunthanvnm@ti.com>
Acked-by: Antonio Quartulli <a@unstable.cc>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
a trans_start struct member exists twice:
- in struct net_device (legacy)
- in struct netdev_queue
Instead of open-coding dev->trans_start usage to obtain the current
trans_start value, use dev_trans_start() instead.
This is not exactly the same, as dev_trans_start also considers
the trans_start values of the netdev queues owned by the device
and provides the most recent one.
For legacy devices this doesn't matter as dev_trans_start can cope
with netdev trans_start values of 0 (they are ignored).
This is a prerequisite to eventual removal of dev->trans_start.
Cc: linux-rdma@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
commit d79f16c046086f4fe0d42184a458e187464eb83e fixed a user triggerable
scribble on free memory but added a new one which allows the user to
scribble even more and user controlled data into freed space.
As with 6pack we need to halt the queue before we free the buffers, because
the transmit logic is not protected by the semaphore.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Need to do the unregister_device() after all references to the driver
private have been done.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
If register_netdev() fails we are not propagating the error and
we return success because ax_open() succeeded previously.
Fix this by checking the return value of ax_open() and
register_netdev() and propagate the error in case of failure.
Reported-by: RUC_Soft_Sec <zy900702@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
We get a static checker warning here on devel kernels:
drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:560 ax_xmit()
warn: variable dereferenced before check 'skb' (see line 532)
It turns out that the NULL check can be deleted.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Before the ax25 stack calls dev_queue_xmit it always calls
ax25_type_trans which sets skb->protocol to ETH_P_AX25.
Which means that by looking at the protocol type it is possible to
detect IP packets that have not been munged by the ax25 stack in
ndo_start_xmit and call a function to munge them.
Rename ax25_neigh_xmit to ax25_ip_xmit and tweak the return type and
value to be appropriate for an ndo_start_xmit function.
Update all of the ax25 devices to test the protocol type for ETH_P_IP
and return ax25_ip_xmit as the first thing they do. This preserves
the existing semantics of IP packet processing, but the timing will be
a little different as the IP packets now pass through the qdisc layer
before reaching the ax25 ip packet processing.
Remove the now unnecessary ax25 neighbour table operations.
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
AX25 already has it's own private arp cache operations to isolate
it's abuse of dev_rebuild_header to transmit packets. Add a function
ax25_neigh_construct that will allow all of the ax25 devices to
force using these operations, so that the generic arp code does
not need to.
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: linux-hams@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
The two sets of header operations are functionally identical remove the
duplicate definition.
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: linux-hams@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Extend alloc_netdev{,_mq{,s}}() to take name_assign_type as argument, and convert
all users to pass NET_NAME_UNKNOWN.
Coccinelle patch:
@@
expression sizeof_priv, name, setup, txqs, rxqs, count;
@@
(
-alloc_netdev_mqs(sizeof_priv, name, setup, txqs, rxqs)
+alloc_netdev_mqs(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup, txqs, rxqs)
|
-alloc_netdev_mq(sizeof_priv, name, setup, count)
+alloc_netdev_mq(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup, count)
|
-alloc_netdev(sizeof_priv, name, setup)
+alloc_netdev(sizeof_priv, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, setup)
)
v9: move comments here from the wrong commit
Signed-off-by: Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
Reviewed-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Several files refer to an old address for the Free Software Foundation
in the file header comment. Resolve by replacing the address with
the URL <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/> so that we do not have to keep
updating the header comments anytime the address changes.
CC: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
CC: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
CC: Andy Gospodarek <andy@greyhouse.net>
CC: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
CC: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
CC: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
CC: Wei Liu <wei.liu2@citrix.com>
CC: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
CC: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
Acked-by: Wei Liu <wei.liu2@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Adding casts of objects to the same type is unnecessary
and confusing for a human reader.
For example, this cast:
int y;
int *p = (int *)&y;
I used the coccinelle script below to find and remove these
unnecessary casts. I manually removed the conversions this
script produces of casts with __force, __iomem and __user.
@@
type T;
T *p;
@@
- (T *)p
+ p
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Remove all #inclusions of asm/system.h preparatory to splitting and killing
it. Performed with the following command:
perl -p -i -e 's!^#\s*include\s*<asm/system[.]h>.*\n!!' `grep -Irl '^#\s*include\s*<asm/system[.]h>' *`
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
|
|
Lockdep found a locking inconsistency in the mkiss_close function:
> kernel: [ INFO: inconsistent lock state ]
> kernel: 2.6.39.1 #3
> kernel: ---------------------------------
> kernel: inconsistent {IN-SOFTIRQ-R} -> {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} usage.
> kernel: ax25ipd/2813 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE1:SE1] takes:
> kernel: (disc_data_lock){+++?.-}, at: [<ffffffffa018552b>] mkiss_close+0x1b/0x90 [mkiss]
> kernel: {IN-SOFTIRQ-R} state was registered at:
The message hints that disc_data_lock is aquired with softirqs disabled,
but does not itself disable softirqs, which can in rare circumstances
lead to a deadlock.
The same problem is present in the 6pack driver, this patch fixes both
by using write_lock_bh instead of write_lock.
Reported-by: Bernard F6BVP <f6bvp@free.fr>
Tested-by: Bernard F6BVP <f6bvp@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Ralf Baechle<ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
This reverts commit b1c43f82c5aa265442f82dba31ce985ebb7aa71c.
It was broken in so many ways, and results in random odd pty issues.
It re-introduced the buggy schedule_work() in flush_to_ldisc() that can
cause endless work-loops (see commit a5660b41af6a: "tty: fix endless
work loop when the buffer fills up").
It also used an "unsigned int" return value fo the ->receive_buf()
function, but then made multiple functions return a negative error code,
and didn't actually check for the error in the caller.
And it didn't actually work at all. BenH bisected down odd tty behavior
to it:
"It looks like the patch is causing some major malfunctions of the X
server for me, possibly related to PTYs. For example, cat'ing a
large file in a gnome terminal hangs the kernel for -minutes- in a
loop of what looks like flush_to_ldisc/workqueue code, (some ftrace
data in the quoted bits further down).
...
Some more data: It -looks- like what happens is that the
flush_to_ldisc work queue entry constantly re-queues itself (because
the PTY is full ?) and the workqueue thread will basically loop
forver calling it without ever scheduling, thus starving the consumer
process that could have emptied the PTY."
which is pretty much exactly the problem we fixed in a5660b41af6a.
Milton Miller pointed out the 'unsigned int' issue.
Reported-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Reported-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Cc: Stefan Bigler <stefan.bigler@keymile.com>
Cc: Toby Gray <toby.gray@realvnc.com>
Cc: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
it makes it simpler to keep track of the amount of
bytes received and simplifies how flush_to_ldisc counts
the remaining bytes. It also fixes a bug of lost bytes
on n_tty when flushing too many bytes via the USB
serial gadget driver.
Tested-by: Stefan Bigler <stefan.bigler@keymile.com>
Tested-by: Toby Gray <toby.gray@realvnc.com>
Signed-off-by: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
|
|
Get rid of init_MUTEX[_LOCKED]() and use sema_init() instead.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Acked-by: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
LKML-Reference: <20100907125055.368389976@linutronix.de>
|
|
implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
|
|
My last commit introduced an typo causing the
compat_ioctl function to do nothing useful.
The obvious way for an ioctl function to work
is to look at the command, not the argument first.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Slip and a few other drivers use the same ioctl numbers on
tty devices that are normally meant for sockets. This causes
problems with our compat_ioctl handling that tries to convert
the data structures in a different format.
Fortunately, these five drivers all use 32 bit compatible
data structures in the ioctl numbers, so we can just add
a trivial compat_ioctl conversion function to each of them.
SIOCSIFENCAP and SIOCGIFENCAP do not need to live in
fs/compat_ioctl.c after this any more, and they are not
used on any sockets.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
This typo was introduced by 5793f4be23f0171b4999ca68a39a9157b44139f3 on
October 14, 2005 ...
Reported-by: Matti Aarnio <matti.aarnio@zmailer.org>
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
This patch is the result of an automatic spatch transformation to convert
all ndo_start_xmit() return values of 0 to NETDEV_TX_OK.
Some occurences are missed by the automatic conversion, those will be
handled in a seperate patch.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Convert magic values 1 and -1 to NETDEV_TX_BUSY and NETDEV_TX_LOCKED respectively.
0 (NETDEV_TX_OK) is not changed to keep the noise down, except in very few cases
where its in direct proximity to one of the other values.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Impact: Use 'static const char[]' instead of 'static char[]' and while
being at it fix an issue in 'mkiss_init_driver', where in case of an
error the status code was not passed to printk.
Fix this warnings:
drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.c: In function 'sixpack_init_driver':
drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.c:802: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
drivers/net/hamradio/bpqether.c: In function 'bpq_init_driver':
drivers/net/hamradio/bpqether.c:609: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c: In function 'mkiss_init_driver':
drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:988: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.c:991: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
drivers/net/hamradio/scc.c: In function 'scc_init_driver':
drivers/net/hamradio/scc.c:2109: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c: In function 'yam_init_driver':
drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c:1094: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments
Signed-off-by: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
In each case, if the NULL test is necessary, then the dereference should be
moved below the NULL test.
The semantic patch that makes this change is as follows:
(http://www.emn.fr/x-info/coccinelle/)
// <smpl>
@@
type T;
expression E;
identifier i,fld;
statement S;
@@
- T i = E->fld;
+ T i;
... when != E
when != i
if (E == NULL) S
+ i = E->fld;
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
The generic packet receive code takes care of setting
netdev->last_rx when necessary, for the sake of the
bonding ARP monitor.
Drivers need not do it any more.
Some cases had to be skipped over because the drivers
were making use of the ->last_rx value themselves.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Add missing sanity check to tty operation.
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eugene Teo <eteo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
|
|
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6: (1232 commits)
iucv: Fix bad merging.
net_sched: Add size table for qdiscs
net_sched: Add accessor function for packet length for qdiscs
net_sched: Add qdisc_enqueue wrapper
highmem: Export totalhigh_pages.
ipv6 mcast: Omit redundant address family checks in ip6_mc_source().
net: Use standard structures for generic socket address structures.
ipv6 netns: Make several "global" sysctl variables namespace aware.
netns: Use net_eq() to compare net-namespaces for optimization.
ipv6: remove unused macros from net/ipv6.h
ipv6: remove unused parameter from ip6_ra_control
tcp: fix kernel panic with listening_get_next
tcp: Remove redundant checks when setting eff_sacks
tcp: options clean up
tcp: Fix MD5 signatures for non-linear skbs
sctp: Update sctp global memory limit allocations.
sctp: remove unnecessary byteshifting, calculate directly in big-endian
sctp: Allow only 1 listening socket with SO_REUSEADDR
sctp: Do not leak memory on multiple listen() calls
sctp: Support ipv6only AF_INET6 sockets.
...
|
|
Move the line disciplines towards a conventional ->ops arrangement. For
the moment the actual 'tty_ldisc' struct in the tty is kept as part of
the tty struct but this can then be changed if it turns out that when it
all settles down we want to refcount ldiscs separately to the tty.
Pull the ldisc code out of /proc and put it with our ldisc code.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Add netif_addr_{lock,unlock}{,_bh}() helpers.
Use them to protect operations that operate on or read
the network device unicast and multicast address lists.
Also use them in cases where the code simply wants to
block calls into the driver's ->set_rx_mode() and
->set_multicast_list() methods.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Something Arjan suggested which allows us to clean up the code nicely
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
Huang Pei
Lin Ma
Pavel Skripkin
Eric Dumazet
Chuhong Yuan
Thomas Gleixner
Arnd Bergmann
Al Viro
Colin Ian King
Johannes Berg
Ralf Baechle
Linus Torvalds
Florian Westphal
Alan
David Miller
Fabio Estevam
Dan Carpenter
Eric W. Biederman
Tom Gundersen
Jeff Kirsher
Andi Kleen
Joe Perches
David Howells
Felipe Balbi
Tejun Heo
Stephen Hemminger
Patrick McHardy
Hannes Eder
Stephen Hemminger
Julia Lawall
Eugene Teo
Alan Cox
Alan Cox