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2011-01-07fs: scale mntget/mntputNick Piggin
The problem that this patch aims to fix is vfsmount refcounting scalability. We need to take a reference on the vfsmount for every successful path lookup, which often go to the same mount point. The fundamental difficulty is that a "simple" reference count can never be made scalable, because any time a reference is dropped, we must check whether that was the last reference. To do that requires communication with all other CPUs that may have taken a reference count. We can make refcounts more scalable in a couple of ways, involving keeping distributed counters, and checking for the global-zero condition less frequently. - check the global sum once every interval (this will delay zero detection for some interval, so it's probably a showstopper for vfsmounts). - keep a local count and only taking the global sum when local reaches 0 (this is difficult for vfsmounts, because we can't hold preempt off for the life of a reference, so a counter would need to be per-thread or tied strongly to a particular CPU which requires more locking). - keep a local difference of increments and decrements, which allows us to sum the total difference and hence find the refcount when summing all CPUs. Then, keep a single integer "long" refcount for slow and long lasting references, and only take the global sum of local counters when the long refcount is 0. This last scheme is what I implemented here. Attached mounts and process root and working directory references are "long" references, and everything else is a short reference. This allows scalable vfsmount references during path walking over mounted subtrees and unattached (lazy umounted) mounts with processes still running in them. This results in one fewer atomic op in the fastpath: mntget is now just a per-CPU inc, rather than an atomic inc; and mntput just requires a spinlock and non-atomic decrement in the common case. However code is otherwise bigger and heavier, so single threaded performance is basically a wash. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
2010-08-18fs: brlock vfsmount_lockNick Piggin
fs: brlock vfsmount_lock Use a brlock for the vfsmount lock. It must be taken for write whenever modifying the mount hash or associated fields, and may be taken for read when performing mount hash lookups. A new lock is added for the mnt-id allocator, so it doesn't need to take the heavy vfsmount write-lock. The number of atomics should remain the same for fastpath rlock cases, though code would be slightly slower due to per-cpu access. Scalability is not not be much improved in common cases yet, due to other locks (ie. dcache_lock) getting in the way. However path lookups crossing mountpoints should be one case where scalability is improved (currently requiring the global lock). The slowpath is slower due to use of brlock. On a 64 core, 64 socket, 32 node Altix system (high latency to remote nodes), a simple umount microbenchmark (mount --bind mnt mnt2 ; umount mnt2 loop 1000 times), before this patch it took 6.8s, afterwards took 7.1s, about 5% slower. Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2010-03-03Kill CL_PROPAGATION, sanitize fs/pnode.c:get_source()Al Viro
First of all, get_source() never results in CL_PROPAGATION alone. We either get CL_MAKE_SHARED (for the continuation of peer group) or CL_SLAVE (slave that is not shared) or both (beginning of peer group among slaves). Massage the code to make that explicit, kill CL_PROPAGATION test in clone_mnt() (nothing sets CL_MAKE_SHARED without CL_PROPAGATION and in clone_mnt() we are checking CL_PROPAGATION after we'd found that there's no CL_SLAVE, so the check for CL_MAKE_SHARED would do just as well). Fix comments, while we are at it... Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-04-23[patch 7/7] vfs: mountinfo: show dominating group idMiklos Szeredi
Show peer group ID of nearest dominating group that has intersection with the mount's namespace. Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-04-23[patch 4/7] vfs: mountinfo: add mount peer group IDMiklos Szeredi
Add a unique ID to each peer group using the IDR infrastructure. The identifiers are reused after the peer group dissolves. The IDR structures are protected by holding namepspace_sem for write while allocating or deallocating IDs. IDs are allocated when a previously unshared vfsmount becomes the first member of a peer group. When a new member is added to an existing group, the ID is copied from one of the old members. IDs are freed when the last member of a peer group is unshared. Setting the MNT_SHARED flag on members of a subtree is done as a separate step, after all the IDs have been allocated. This way an allocation failure can be cleaned up easilty, without affecting the propagation state. Based on design sketch by Al Viro. Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-04-21[PATCH] umount_tree() will unhash everything itselfAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-04-21[PATCH] move a bunch of declarations to fs/internal.hAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-03-27[PATCH] count ghost references to vfsmountsAl Viro
make propagate_mount_busy() exclude references from the vfsmounts that had been isolated by umount_tree() and are just waiting for release_mounts() to dispose of their ->mnt_parent/->mnt_mountpoint. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-02-06MNT_UNBINDABLE fixAndries E. Brouwer
Some time ago ( http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/6/19/128 ) I wrote about MNT_UNBINDABLE that it felt like a bug that it is not reset by "mount --make-private". Today I happened to see mount(8) and Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt and both document the version obtained by applying the little patch given in the above (and again below). So, the present kernel code is not according to specs and must be regarded as buggy. Specification in Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt: See state diagram: unbindable should become private upon make-private. Specification in mount(8): ... It's also possible to set up uni-directional propagation (with --make- slave), to make a mount point unavailable for --bind/--rbind (with --make-unbindable), and to undo any of these (with --make-private). Repeat of old fix-shared-subtrees-make-private.patch (due to Dirk Gerrits, René Gabriëls, Peter Kooijmans): Acked-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08Introduce a handy list_first_entry macroPavel Emelianov
There are many places in the kernel where the construction like foo = list_entry(head->next, struct foo_struct, list); are used. The code might look more descriptive and neat if using the macro list_first_entry(head, type, member) \ list_entry((head)->next, type, member) Here is the macro itself and the examples of its usage in the generic code. If it will turn out to be useful, I can prepare the set of patches to inject in into arch-specific code, drivers, networking, etc. Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> Signed-off-by: Kirill Korotaev <dev@openvz.org> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Zach Brown <zach.brown@oracle.com> Cc: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org> Cc: John McCutchan <ttb@tentacle.dhs.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2006-12-08[PATCH] rename struct namespace to struct mnt_namespaceKirill Korotaev
Rename 'struct namespace' to 'struct mnt_namespace' to avoid confusion with other namespaces being developped for the containers : pid, uts, ipc, etc. 'namespace' variables and attributes are also renamed to 'mnt_ns' Signed-off-by: Kirill Korotaev <dev@sw.ru> Signed-off-by: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at> Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-06-26[PATCH] core: use list_move()Akinobu Mita
This patch converts the combination of list_del(A) and list_add(A, B) to list_move(A, B). Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de> Cc: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <mita@miraclelinux.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-24[PATCH] s/;;/;/gAlexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-01-08[PATCH] shared mounts: cleanupMiklos Szeredi
Small cleanups in shared mounts code. Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu> Cc: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Cc: <viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] unbindable mountsRam Pai
An unbindable mount does not forward or receive propagation. Also unbindable mount disallows bind mounts. The semantics is as follows. Bind semantics: It is invalid to bind mount an unbindable mount. Move semantics: It is invalid to move an unbindable mount under shared mount. Clone-namespace semantics: If a mount is unbindable in the parent namespace, the corresponding cloned mount in the child namespace becomes unbindable too. Note: there is subtle difference, unbindable mounts cannot be bind mounted but can be cloned during clone-namespace. Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] handling of slave mountsRam Pai
This makes bind, rbind, move, clone namespace and umount operations aware of the semantics of slave mount (see Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt in the last patch of the series for detailed description). Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] introduce slave mountsRam Pai
A slave mount always has a master mount from which it receives mount/umount events. Unlike shared mount the event propagation does not flow from the slave mount to the master. Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] shared mounts handling: umountRam Pai
An unmount of a mount creates a umount event on the parent. If the parent is a shared mount, it gets propagated to all mounts in the peer group. Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] shared mount handling: bind and rbindRam Pai
Implement handling of MS_BIND in presense of shared mounts (see Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt in the end of patch series for detailed description). Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] introduce shared mountsRam Pai
This creates shared mounts. A shared mount when bind-mounted to some mountpoint, propagates mount/umount events to each other. All the shared mounts that propagate events to each other belong to the same peer-group. Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07[PATCH] beginning of the shared-subtree properRam Pai
A private mount does not forward or receive propagation. This patch provides user the ability to convert any mount to private. Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>